谈谈RCM-以可靠性为中心的维护

Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) was created to ensure a system continually works to the best of its ability in several different areas. RCM focuses on establishing the safe, minimum levels of maintenance. If implemented correctly, this should lead to increased reliability and uptime of machinery, cost-effectiveness, and a better understanding of the safety and risk involved in maintenance.

建立以可靠性为中心的维护（RCM），是为了确保系统在几个不同的方面持续尽全力进行 运转。建立以可靠性为中心的维护（RCM），专注于构建安全化、最小化的维护。如果得以正确推行，这将提升机器的可靠性和正常运行时间、成本效益，并让我们更好地理解维修中所涉及的安全和风险。

RCM is a complete approach to maintenance, viewing it as the primary way to ensure a piece of machinery is working at its best. This is done by a specific procedure which assesses the machine critically, and then plans for appropriate and scheduled maintenance tasks. The RCM steps are then applied and kept under review, with changes made if needed, based on regular assessments.

以可靠性为中心的维护（RCM），是一种完整的维护方法，我们把它视为确保机器处于最佳工作状态的主要方法。以可靠性为中心的维护（RCM），是通过对机器进行关键评估的某个特定程序来完成的，然后，为适当的、规划的维护任务制定计划。然后，根据定期评估，运用以可靠性为中心的维护（RCM）的步骤，而一旦有必要，我们需要进行变更。

RCM Process

以可靠性为中心的维护（RCM）步骤

When beginning to apply RCM, there are set questions which need to be addressed:

运用以可靠性为中心的维护（RCM）时，以下有一些问题是需要提出来的：

-What are the item’s functions? (both primary and secondary)

-机器的功能是什么？（一级和二级）

-How could it fail to do said functions?

-这些功能为何发生故障了呢？

-What causes failure?

-是什么导致了功能故障？

-What happens during a failure? (i.e. is it a full failure of the machine not doing its primary function, or just a slowing down of that function)

-故障期间，发生了什么？（也就是说，机器没有发挥其主要功能的完全的故障，或者仅仅是功能变慢）

-Does the failure matter, and to what degree?

-功能故障是否严重，达到了什么程度？

-What can be done to prevent the failure?

-为防止功能故障，我们能做什么？

-What must be done if failure prevention is not successful?

-如果功能故障预防并不成功，那么，我们必须要做什么？

RCM is often used to ensure cost-effectiveness in a machine, as well as to measure how critical a failure of a machine is. That means if one part of a machine fails, but that part is not critical, it is allowed to fail. The main functions of the machine receive priority, and are preserved as much as possible to help ensure it completes its primary role at all times.

以可靠性为中心的维护（RCM），通常用于确保机器的成本效益，以及衡量机器故障的严重程度。这意味着如果机器的某个部件发生了故障，即便该部件并不重要，也会发生故障。机器的主要功能处于优先重点的地位，要尽可能地保留，以帮助确保机器始终完成其能主要任务。